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Publications / Outcomes
Outcomes of Task 26
Task 26 is completed
By Operating Agent Werner Weiss, AEE INTEC,
Arbeitsgemeinschaft ERNEUERBARE ENERGIE, Institute for Sustainable Technologies,
Feldgasse 19, 8200 Gleisdorf, Austria.
Since the beginning of the eighties, the rate of growth
in the use of solar collectors for domestic hot water preparation has
shown that solar heating systems are both mature and technically reliable.
But for several years solar thermal systems have seemed to be essentially
restricted to this application.
From 1990 and further, the industry offered more and
more solar combisystems, but basic scientific knowledge was missing in
certain areas and methods. The designs resulted mainly from field experiences
and they had not been carefully optimised. A first international survey
in 1997 revealed more than 20 different designs that did not necessarily
reflect local climate and local practice only. Collaborative work in analysing
and optimising combisystems was seen as a proactive action that could
favour good systems on a more global market than the national one.
Common definitions of terms were also missing and
standardised test procedures were not available for this type of system.
This means that it was difficult to determine a meaningful performance
rating and even more difficult to compare the systems. For domestic hot
water systems, a great effort has been made in IEA SH&C Task 14 to
assess and compare performances of different designs. For solar combisystems,
the question of finding a "best" solution in a given situation
had no answer in 1997. Therefore, international co-operation was needed
to analyse and review more designs and ideas than one sole country could
cover. It was felt that an IEA activity was the best way to deal with
solar combisystems in a scientific and co-ordinated way. Considering that,
the Solar Heating and Cooling Programme of the International Energy Agency
(IEA) launched in 1998 Task 26 called “Solar Combisystems”.
From autumn 1998 to December 2002, 35 experts from
nine European countries and the USA and 16 solar industries have been
working together to further develop and optimise solar combisystems for
detached single-family houses, groups of single-family houses and multi-family
houses. Furthermore, standardised classification and evaluation processes
and design tools were developed for these systems. Proposals for the international
standardisation of combisystem test procedures were another major outcome
of Task 26.
To achieve the objectives of the Task, the participants
carried out the research and development in the framework of the
following three Subtasks:
- Subtask A: Solar Combisystems Survey and Dissemination
of Task Results. Lead Country : Switzerland, represented by Jean-Marc
Suter, Suter Consulting, Berne
- Subtask B: Development of Performance Test Methods
and Numerical Models for Combisystems and their Components. Lead Country:
The Netherlands, represented by Huib Visser, TNO, Delft
- Subtask C: Optimisation of Combisystems for
the Market. Lead Country: Austria, represented by Wolfgang Streicher,
Graz University of Technology, Graz
The further development and optimisation of systems
and their designs by the Task 26’s participants resulted in innovative
systems with better performance-cost ratings. Besides, architectural integration
of the collector arrays together with durability and reliability of solar
combisystems were investigated. This should lead to greater confidence
of the end user in this technology. Solar industry and builders were involved
in all activities in order to accelerate dissemination of results as broad
as possible.
In summary, Task 26 produced the following:
- The coloured booklet “Solar Combisystems in
Austria, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Sweden, Switzerland, the
Netherlands and the USA – Overview 2000”
- The book “Solar Heating Systems for Houses – A
Design Handbook for Solar Combisystems”
- 19 technical reports
- Proceedings of six industry workshops
- Three Industry Newsletters
- Test facilities in five European countries
With the exception of the test facilities and the book “Solar Heating
Systems for Houses – A Design Handbook for Solar Combisystems” which
will be published by James & James in July or August 2003 all documents
can be downloaded from the web site of the IEA Solar Heating and Cooling
Programme under Publication
section.
The coloured booklet “Solar Combisystems in Austria, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Sweden, Switzerland, the Netherlands and the USA –
Overview 2000”
The coloured brochure gives an overview of relevant existing and new
solar combisystem designs in Austria, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Sweden, Switzerland and The Netherlands. The brochure is targeted at
architects, engineers, HVAC companies and buyers of solar installations.
The brochure only presents those generic systems, which have already
proved their worth several times in the practice in various realisations.
The different system concepts can partly be put down to the different
conditions prevailing in the individual countries.
> View the brochure
Solar Heating Systems for Houses – A Design Handbook for
Solar Combisystems
 The book summarises all results of Task 26. In 13 chapters, it focuses
on heat demand of buildings, different system designs and built
examples, building-related aspects like space requirements of the
systems and architectural integration of collector arrays, performance
as well as durability and reliability of solar combisystems, and last
but not least, dimensioning and testing of solar combisystems.
This book can be ordered from:
James and James (Science Publishers) Ltd.
8-12 Camden High Street
London NW1 0JH, UK
www.shop.earthscan.co.uk
Technical Reports
Technical reports document some specific results and
findings of Task 26 and provide details and background information on
the topic presented.
Technical Reports of Subtask A
- Validation and background information on the FSC
procedure
- Stagnation behaviour of solar thermal systems
- A calculation model for assessment of reliability in Solar Combisystems
- Solar Combisystems - Changes on the market since Task beginning
- Library of references on Solar Combisystems
Technical Reports of Subtask B
- European test facilities for solar combisystems
and heat stores
- Hot water performance of solar combistores
- Direct characterisation test procedure for Solar Combisystems
- Combitest – Initial Development of the AC/DC Test Method
- Development of the Direct Characterisation test procedure for solar
combisystems
- The Concise Cycle Test Method - a Twelve Day System Test
- Validation of the CTSS Test Procedure by in-situ measurements
- Performance Testing of Solar Combisystems - Comparison of the CTSS
with the ACDC Procedure
- A Solar Collector Model for TRNSYS Simulation and System Testing
- Research into average meteorological conditions
Technical Reports of Subtask C
- Report on Solar Combisystems modelled in Task 26
(system description, modelling, sensitivity, optimisation)
-
Analysis of System Reports of Task 26 for Sensitivity of Parameters
- Elements and Examples of “Dream Systems” of Solar Combisystems
- Material Demand and Accumulated Energy Expense of Solar Combisystems
Proceedings of Industry Workshops
The addressed topics of industry workshops are
presented in the following.
Oslo, Norway, April 8, 2002 (5.034 kb)
- Solar combisystems for a sustainable energy future
- Solar energy - a political issue?
- Solar energy in the Norwegian energy policy
- Combination of solar and natural gas in Dutch products
- Solar heating with a storage-integrated condensing gas burner
- Influence of different combistore concepts on the overall system
performance
- Facade- integrated collectors - constructions, building physics and
the results of two monitored systems
- Architectural integration of solar energy
- The Norwegian solar energy industry
Rapperswil, Switzerland, October 10, 2001
(2.313 kb)
- European market on thermal solar energy with a
special focus on solar combisystems
- Solar combisystems - a system overview
- Dimensioning of solar combisystems
- Architectural integration of solar collectors, visual aspects
- Roof- integrated collectors, S.E.T. Solar-Roof, a single finished
compact unit
- Integration of solar collectors into facades
- Facade- integrated collectors - constructions, building physics and
results of two monitored systems
- Stagnation behaviour: the influence of the hydraulics on thermal
stress of the components including the heat transfer fluid
- Long-term stability of heat transfer fluids, experience of the
producers
- Use of glycol-water mixtures in solar systems from the point of view
of the manufacturer
Delft, the Netherlands, April 2, 2001 (2.263
kb)
- European market on thermal solar energy with a
special focus on solar combisystems
- Solar combisystems - a system overview
- A new generation of solar combisystems ATAGtag S-HR Solargascombi II
- Daalderop solar systems for domestic appliance: monosolar and
multisolar
- Thermera® heat transfer fluid - a natural solution for heat transfer
in building technology
- Drain back in small systems
- Recent experiences with large solar thermal systems in the Netherlands
- Legionella in hot water preparation
- Legionella and solar domestic hot water systems
- Roof integration of large collector areas - experiences from Norway
- Facade integration - a new and promising opportunity for thermal solar
collectors
Espoo, Finland, October 9, 2000 (2.532 kb)
- The solar thermal market in Finland and future
plans
- Solar combisystems - scope and goals of Task 26
- Durability and reliability of solar combisystems
- The Ekoviikki-large scale solar project: project overview and general
system design
- Multi-family houses with solar system and district heating connection
- Multi-family houses with solar and geothermal heating system
- Monitoring results of a Swiss 30 m² system with 11 m³ storage tank
- Solar combisystem for a multi-apartment building - the Klosterenga
project in Oslo
- System design and monitoring results of Austrian large scale solar combisystems for multiple family houses and office buildings
- Wagner office building: first experiences and measurements
- Performance of an air-based solar thermal system after twenty years of
operation
- Space heating and DHW system with standard tank
- Modular heat exchange module for solar heating systems
- Solus II storage tanks
Borlänge, Sweden, April 3, 2000 (685 kb)
- Tests on the stagnation behaviour of solar
combisystems
- The behaviour of heat transfer media in solar active thermal systems
in view of the stagnation conditions
- Emissions from small biomass boilers
- Solar combisystem with integrated pellet burner in store
- Study of combined solar and biomass heating systems in Denmark
- Solar heating system for a new single-family house
Stuttgart, Germany, October 4, 1999 (375 kb)
- The Austrian solar thermal market
- Market development in Denmark since 1990
- Finnish solar collector market development 1995-1998
- Solar market in France
- Current status in Sweden (1999)
- Solar market in Switzerland 1990-1998
- Thermal solar energy in the Netherlands in 1999
- Solar market in the USA - 1998
- European product standards for solar domestic hot water systems
reaching maturity
- Future solar thermal pump strategy
- Innovative pump developments in Switzerland
- Field tests of high efficiency small circulation pump
- Life cycle analyses of solar heating systems
Design Tool for Combisystems "CombiSun"
Design Tool for Combisystems "CombiSun" is a design
tool for architects and engineers to compare solar combisystems and
properly size according to specific requirements for use. Data from the
Task work has been used to characterize some 10 generic systems. The
characteristic functions obtained for each of these systems provided the
main background information for CombiSun. The programme can be
downloaded from the following web site
http://www.elle-kilde.dk/altener-combi/dwload.html
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